Tamara Taysom University of Utah — Member ΦΑθ-AP Published in Utah Historical Review, Vol IV. In 1898, when the United States took control of the Philippine Islands, Americans were new to colonization. Unlike their Old World counterparts, they were not as well versed in the hierarchies of civilization that had justified European imperial power for many centuries. They were, however, familiar with scientific racism...

Kurt Rasim Güner University of Utah Published in Utah Historical Review, Vol IV. Islamic law is both immensely important to those living in the modern Middle East and consistently misunderstood by those living outside of it. The way that individual Middle Eastern nations interpret and apply Islamic law directly impacts the lives of their citizens, but for years the origins of Islam (and Islamic...

Suzanne Catharine University of Utah — Member ΦΑθ-AP Published in Utah Historical Review, Vol IV. In late April 1866, residents of the small Mormon settlement of Circleville slit the throats of sixteen unarmed Paiute Indians. Ashamed, or perhaps afraid of native retaliation, the perpetrators of the massacre used the cover of night to secretly bury the dead. The event, later known as the Circleville...

Chelsea Seira Thompson University of Utah Published in Utah Historical Review, Vol IV. In the North African nation of Mauritania, women are expected to maintain large, voluptuous bodies to the point of morbid obesity. This tradition has been kept alive for countless generations, starting centuries ago with nomads who respected those men who could keep their wives plump. In recent history, the pressure to...

Renato Olmedo-González University of Utah Published in Utah Historical Review, Vol IV. The onset of the Chicano civil rights movement in the United States saw the rise of one of the most emblematic forms of public, monumental art: Muralism. The Chicano/a artists that aimed to highlight issues pertaining to their communities considered the Mexican Mural Movement of the 1920s-30s-and its tropes, icons, and codified...