Megan Dipo University of Utah — Member ΦΑθ-AP Published in Utah Historical Review, Vol IV. Foundation legends are paramount to understanding the worldview of a culture, whether that culture is alive or dead. These legends speak of virtues valued and boundaries feared, and help both anthropologists and historians view a more fully painted picture of a society. Many foundation legends have survived their cultures,...

Teresa Potter Salt Lake Community College Published in Utah Historical Review, Vol IV. This study will test the correspondence of relatedness with mortality risk in the founding population of Jamestown Colony. Previous research on other early colonies suggests that individuals with a higher level of relatedness will have a lower mortality risk. Studies conducted on the Plymouth Colony indicate that founding settlers had a...

Anthony M. Frenzel Utah State University Published in Utah Historical Review, Vol IV. Shortly after being elected President, Ike Eisenhower was approached with a plan that would involve the participation of the CIA in the overthrow of the Iranian government. His predecessor, Harry S. Truman, had refused complicity in such a plan. However, given the escalating tension between the Soviet Union and the West...

Katie Laird University of Utah Published in Utah Historical Review, Vol IV. In its 1851 census, England recorded for the first time the marital status of its citizens. The result produced statistical “proof” that women not only outnumbered men by 500,000, but that two million of them were unmarried. Although some had previously expressed concern over the declining marriage rate, the census used concrete...

Nicholas Hayen University of Utah Published in Utah Historical Review, Vol IV. Insurgencies are the new normal of warfare in this emerging century. Of course, resistance against an opposing armed force is nothing new, but globalization and the ever-present eye of international attention on these conflicts creates a completely new dynamic. Such was the case during the turbulent years prior to the establishment of...

Jonathan Dillon Kuhl Utah State University— Member ΦΑθ-ΔΞ Published in Utah Historical Review, Vol IV. The Blitzkrieg was the combined use of tanks, air craft and infantry hitting hard and fast to seize the initiative in World War II. While there have been other avenues pursued by historians for understanding the Blitzkrieg, few have focused on the role of the environment played one of...

Christopher Phil McAbee University of Utah — Member ΦΑθ-AP Published in Utah Historical Review, Vol IV. Using official church documents from the Early Stuart era, broadsides, and pamphlets this article demonstrates how the church set official codes for worship and how the laity responded to that code. Eucharistic table manners and how lay persons behaved during Divine Service created complex multi-tiered relationships with the...

Gregory Jackson University of Utah — Member ΦΑθ-BƖ Published in Utah Historical Review, Vol IV. When the defunct Ottoman Empire’s Middle-Eastern territory was divided by Britain and France in the early 1920s as League of Nations Mandates, Britain received Iraq. Ostensibly, the French and British were to assist the people living within their respective mandates in nation-building. In reality, these mandates amounted to little...

Melinda R. Hortin University of Utah — Member ΦΑθ-AP Published in Utah Historical Review, Vol IV. This essay focuses on the Victory Garden movement in the US during World War II. Victory Gardens were not a new idea for the American public. The gardening movement as subsistence for the home front had actually been implemented during World War I as “War Gardens” by the...

Hadyn B. Call Utah State University — Member ΦΑθ-AΓΟ Published in Utah Historical Review, Vol IV. In his article, “Infallible Proofs, Both Human and Divine: The Persuasiveness of Mormonism for Early Converts,” Steven C. Harper argues that Mormon conversion was a rational commitment and that Mormonism was an attractive, newly restored religion. He states that Mormon conversions did not come, “from the ranks of...

Tamara Taysom University of Utah — Member ΦΑθ-AP Published in Utah Historical Review, Vol IV. In 1898, when the United States took control of the Philippine Islands, Americans were new to colonization. Unlike their Old World counterparts, they were not as well versed in the hierarchies of civilization that had justified European imperial power for many centuries. They were, however, familiar with scientific racism...

Kurt Rasim Güner University of Utah Published in Utah Historical Review, Vol IV. Islamic law is both immensely important to those living in the modern Middle East and consistently misunderstood by those living outside of it. The way that individual Middle Eastern nations interpret and apply Islamic law directly impacts the lives of their citizens, but for years the origins of Islam (and Islamic...

Suzanne Catharine University of Utah — Member ΦΑθ-AP Published in Utah Historical Review, Vol IV. In late April 1866, residents of the small Mormon settlement of Circleville slit the throats of sixteen unarmed Paiute Indians. Ashamed, or perhaps afraid of native retaliation, the perpetrators of the massacre used the cover of night to secretly bury the dead. The event, later known as the Circleville...

Chelsea Seira Thompson University of Utah Published in Utah Historical Review, Vol IV. In the North African nation of Mauritania, women are expected to maintain large, voluptuous bodies to the point of morbid obesity. This tradition has been kept alive for countless generations, starting centuries ago with nomads who respected those men who could keep their wives plump. In recent history, the pressure to...

Renato Olmedo-González University of Utah Published in Utah Historical Review, Vol IV. The onset of the Chicano civil rights movement in the United States saw the rise of one of the most emblematic forms of public, monumental art: Muralism. The Chicano/a artists that aimed to highlight issues pertaining to their communities considered the Mexican Mural Movement of the 1920s-30s-and its tropes, icons, and codified...

The 2014 issue of The Utah Historical Review contained the following book reviews: Book Review for Yuki Tanaka’s Text Lindsey Lamph Larson 255–256 This Republic of Suffering: Death and the American Civil War Nels Abrams 259–260 Book Review of Girls of Ryadh Ellen E Young 261–262 They can be read online...

Jennifer K. Rust Salt Lake Community College Published in Utah Historical Review, Vol III. This paper explains the evolution of Eugenics from Mendel’s peas to Nazi Germany. It reveals startling information about the role that American scientists played in the Holocaust. It further discusses that the desire to create a perfect human race can be traced to the American ideal of Providence. This pursuit...

Brian J. Mott Utah State University Published in Utah Historical Review, Vol III. The Haitian Revolution is often overlooked in Historical analysis, but had far reaching effects. The Revolution changed perceptions and attitudes toward race in Western culture, and saw the failure of the Enlightenment. In pre-revolution Saint-Domingue, race was very fluid, and had less to do with skin color and ancestry than it...